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PAdES B-Level
General Information
B-Level signature is the most basic signature type. There is no trusted time information that guarantees the date of creation of the signature.
The lifetime of the BES signature is up to the life of the end entity certificate. The signature cannot be verified after the certificate has expired or the certificate has been revoked. For this reason, timestamping of the BES signature is extremely important.
Mandatory signed attributes for B-Level signature are follows:
Content Type: It contains the type of the signed document.
Message Digest: It contains the hash value of the document to be signed.
Enhanced Security Services - Signing Certificate: It is an attribute that references the signer certificate and restricts the set of certificates to be used in the signature validation. In addition, it must be added to eliminate possible security attacks from malevolent individuals such as changing the signer certificate.
Signing Time: Indicates the time at which the signature was created in the manner declared by the signer. The “M-Entry” field which indicates the signing time is mandatory for PAdES.
The following table specifies the signature properties that must be included in the signature file for PAdES B-Level signature format:
| Signature Properties | PAdES B-Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Signed Attributes | Content-type | M |
| Message-digest | M | |
| ESS signing-certificate v2 | M | |
| /Signature Dictionary/M Entry | M | |
| /Signature Dictionary/Reason Entry | O | |
| /Signature Dictionary/Location Entry | O | |
| Content-time-stamp | O | |
| Signature-policy-identifier | O | |
| Unsigned Attributes | PDF Serial Signature | O |
| /Type/DocTimeStamp /SubFilter/ETSI.RFC3161 | - | |
| /DSS/Certs Array | - | |
| /DSS/VRI/Cert Array | - | |
| /DSS/CRLs Array | - | |
| /DSS/OCSPs Array | - | |
| /DSS/VRI CRL Array | - | |
| /DSS/VRI OCSP Array | - | |
| /Type/DocTimeStamp /SubFilter/ETSI.RFC3161 | - |
M: Must - It is mandatory to provide the specified substance. If the substance is not provided, the e-signature conformity assessment will result in a negative.
O: Optional – It is optional to provide the specified substance. If the substance is not provided, the e-signature conformity assessment will not result in a negative.
- : This means that the attribute is not in the signature format.
It is recommended not to use optional attributes unless needed.
Procedure
You can access the PAdES B-Level Test Package from here.
You can access test root certificates from here.
The following table provides the names and properties of the signature files to be used in the procedures:
| M/O | Signed Document Name | Signed Document Property | Validation Result | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | BES_1 | Valid (Revocation check is available only via CRL and all signed attributes are added) | VALID | All signed attributes must be displayed in the validation result. |
| M | BES_4 | Signature file with a forged “ESS Signing-Certificate-v2” attribute | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_5 | Signature file with a forged ”message-digest” attribute | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_6 | Signature file in which SHA-1 digest algorithm is used | VALID | The signature must be archived. |
| M | BES_7 | Signature file with a forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_8 | Valid (Revocation check is available only via OCSP) | VALID | |
| M | BES_9 | Signature file signed by a certificate with an omitted “non-repudiation” field in the key usage extension | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_10 | Signer certificate with an omitted “UserNotice” text field in the “CertificatePolicies” extension | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_11 | Signer certificate with an omitted ETSI OID in “QualifiedCertificateStatements” extension | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_12 | Signer certificate with an omitted ICTA OID in “QualifiedCertificateStatements” extension | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| O | BES_13 | Signature file which has a PDF/A-3 content with attachment | INVALID | The signature must not be verified. |
| M | BES_14 | Signer certificate has expired | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_15 | Signer certificate has a forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_16_1 | Signature file signed by a revoked certificate (Revocation check is available only via CRL) | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_16_2 | Signer certificate has revoked after claimed signing time (Revocation check is available only via CRL) | INVALID | |
| M | BES_17_1 | Signer certificate has revoked (Revocation check is available only via OCSP) | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_18 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an expired CRL | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_19 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via a signature forged CRL | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_20 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an expired OCSP response | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_21 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response having forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_22 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by an expired OCSP certificate | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_23 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by a signature forged OCSP certificate | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| O | BES_24_1 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by a revoked OCSP certificate | VALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_25 | Signer certificate has a monetary limit which is equal to “0” | CHOICE* | |
| O | BES_26 | Signer certificate has a usage restriction defined in “QC Statements” extension | INVALID | The signature should not be verified. |
| M | BES_27 | The validity of signer certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is generated for a different certificate | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_28 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate having a forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_29_1 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate which is revoked in CRL | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_30 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate whose validity has to be checked via an expired CRL | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_31 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate whose validity has to be checked via a forged signature CRL | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_32_1 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate which is revoked in OCSP | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_33 | Signer certificate is issued by an intermediate CA certificate whose validity has to be checked via an expired OCSP response | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_34 | The validity of intermediate CA certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which has a forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_35 | The validity of intermediate CA certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by an expired OCSP certificate | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_36 | The validity of intermediate CA certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by a signature forged OCSP certificate | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| O | BES_37_1 | The validity of intermediate CA certificate has to be checked via an OCSP response which is signed by a revoked OCSP certificate | VALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_38 | The root certificate has a forged signature | INVALID | Signature verification details must be shown. |
| M | BES_39_s | Counter signature file signed by two signers. Second signer has a valid certificate, but the first signer is configured with the required intermediate CA certificate which is revoked | INVALID | Validation result of the each signer must be shown in a hierarchical order similar to the tree structure. Signature verification details must be shown. |
* One of the following methods must be selected when verifying the signed document if the signer certificate includes a monetary limit:
- “INVALID Signature” message must be displayed. The description of the error should be reported to the user.
- The monetary limit of the certificate is compared with the monetary limit of the signed document and if the monetary limit of the certificate is sufficient for the monetary value of the signed document, “VALID Signature” message must be displayed.
- In the case where the monetary limit of the certificate is not compared with the monetary limit of the signed document, the user should be warned that the signer certificate has a monetary limit and “VALID Signature” message must be displayed.
en/pades_b-type.txt · Last modified: 2023/07/14 13:14
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